Sympathyの文学論 : 夏目漱石『文学論』における「同感」と「同情」をめぐって

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  • The Significance of Sympathy in Natsume Soseki's Theory of Literature(1907)
  • Sympathy ノ ブンガクロン : ナツメ ソウセキ 『 ブンガクロン 』 ニ オケル 「 ドウカン 」 ト 「 ドウジョウ 」 オ メグッテ

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The goal of this article is to clarify the underlying principles of Natsume Soseki's Bungaku-ron (Theory of Literature). Soseki presents a formulaic, schematized approach to literature in Bungaku-ron: "Generally, the format of a literary content needs to be (F+f)," by which he means a unity of cognitive and emotional elements. An important characteristic of this proposition lies in his emphasis on emotional factors in literature. In Bungaku-ron he identifies emotions and feelings as the shared outcomes of intimate engagements that both author and reader have with a literary work. Sympathy refers to a psychological union between the author and the reader when sentiments and emotions come to be shared between them. In Bungaku-ron, Soseki gives examples of Romanticism, Realism, and "sympathetic works" from British literature. Through those examples he argues that the author's, as well as the reader's, sympathy brings out psychological, emotional truth that in turn establishes the universality of literature or "literary truth." The approach to "sympathy" seen in Bungaku-ron can help us better understand the discussions of art, literature, and even philosophy that evolved in 18^<th>-century Europe.

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