近世ロンドンにおける外国人の子どもと地域社会 : 外国人調査報告の分析を中心に

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  • English-born Children of Alien Parents in Elizabethan London
  • キンセイ ロンドン ニオケル ガイコクジン ノ コドモ ト チイキ シャカイ : ガイコクジン チョウサ ホウコク ノ ブンセキ オ チュウシン ニ

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This paper investigates the status of the English-born children of aliens in early modern London, examining mainly the records contained in the Returns of strangers in London. Theoretically, in early modern England, birth under the sovereignty of an English king made each person that king's subject, that is, English. In principle, therefore, the children of aliens born in England should have enjoyed the privileges inherent in being a natural born subject under English law. The preliminary research findings, however, prove that the reality was quite different. In the Returns, the birth places of the children of aliens as well as their ages and family backgrounds were undoubtedly important items. The children of aliens who were born in England, comprise more than 83 percent of the children listed in the Return of 1953, and they were consistently recorded as aliens. This leads to the conclusion that Londoners, in practice, recognized these children not as natural born subjects, but as aliens. In fact, issues such as belonging and exclusion were controversial at the local level, since the existence of them might have been perceived as a menace to the rights of natural born subjects. In conclusion, authorities in London accepted a notion of belonging, namely Englishness, which was grounded in parental lineage rather than in birth in the territory of the sovereign．

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