Prader-Willi 症候群患者の副腎機能の特徴 : インスリン負荷試験後のコルチゾル分泌パターンは遷延反応を示す

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タイトル別名
  • Assessment of adrenal function in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome
  • PRADER - WILLI ショウコウグン カンジャ ノ フクジン キノウ ノ トクチョウ : インスリン フカ シケン ゴ ノ コルチゾル ブンピツ パターン ハ センエン ハンノウ ヲ シメ ス

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type:原著

PWS患者における年間の致死率は約3%と高率であり,死亡原因が明らかでない突然死症例の報告も散見される.このような突然死の原因のひとつとして,中枢性副腎機能障害(central adrenal insufficiency:CAI)の潜在が懸念されている.我々は,日本人PWS患者36名(女性12名,男性24名,年齢7カ月-59歳)に対し,インスリン負荷試験による副腎機能評価を行った.ACTH基礎値は12.9±8.0?pg/ml,7症例でACTH基礎値が5?pg/ml未満であった.インスリン負荷後のACTH頂値が50?pg/ml以下であった5症例を除く31症例中,29症例で負荷後60分までに,2症例で負荷後90分にACTHは50?pg/ml以上に上昇していた.コルチゾル基礎値は17.5±8.5?μg/dlであり,全症例でインスリン負荷後60分までにコルチゾル値は18.1?μg/dl以上に達し,その後も経時的に上昇し続け遷延過剰反応を示した.今回の結果から,インスリン負荷後のコルチゾル分泌パターンは遷延傾向を示したが,解析対象患者におけるインスリン負荷後のコルチゾル分泌自体は良好であり,PWS患者におけるCAIの頻度は稀であるといえる.

An annual death rate of the patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is high (3 %), and unexplained deaths have been reported in several patients with PWS. Central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) due to hypothalamic dysfunction has been suggested as possible cause of deaths in PWS particularly in association with infection-related stress. Although various stimulation tests have been carried out for patients with PWS, the results were controversial. The aim of this study was to assess adrenal function in children and adolescents with PWS by insulin tolerance test( ITT). We studied morning plasma ACTH and serum cortisol levels, and evaluated adrenal function by ITT in 36 Japanese patients with PWS (12 females and 24 males, aged 7 months-59 years). Of the 36 patients, 25 had deletions at 15q11-13, ten had maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15( upd(15)mat) and one had epimutation. Basal levels of ACTH and cortisol were 12.9±8.0 pg/ml and 17.5±8.5 μg/dl, respectively. Five patients showed low levels of basal ACTH( <5 pg/ml), and five patients showed low levels of peak ACTH (<50 pg/ml). Of these patients, two showed low level of both basal and peak ACTH. In all patients, cortisol levels at 60 minutes after stimulation were within the reference range( >20 μg/dl) with peak levels of 41.4±14.3 μ g/dl. The average increase of cortisol from basal levels was 20.8±8.5 μg/dl. Most patients (26 of 36) showed peak cortisol levels at 120 minutes after stimulation. These results suggest that basal and peak levels of cortisol are within the normal range, while peak responses of cortisol to insulin stimulation are delayed in most patients. Thus, it is likely that cryptic hypothalamic dysfunction alters secretion patterns of cortisol in PWS patients. Further studies are necessary to clarify the possible association between the altered response of cortisol to hypoglycemia and unexplained deaths in PWS.

identifier:8

identifier:KJ00009214765

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