清末学堂普及の様相 : 広東省・広西省の学堂経費の出所を中心に(III 投稿論文)

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  • A Study of the Process of Proliferation of Educational Academies of the Chingmo Region : On the Costs of Educational Academies in Guang-dong Province and Guang-xi Province(III. Research Papers)
  • 投稿論文 清末学堂普及の様相--広東省・広西省の学堂経費の出所を中心に
  • トウコウ ロンブン シンマツガクドウ フキュウ ノ ヨウソウ カントンショウ カンシーショウ ノ ガクドウ ケイヒ ノ シュッショ オ チュウシン ニ

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This study discusses the process of proliferation of educational academies led by the educational administration of the Chingmo region. Accompanying the dissemination of the modern educational system at the beginning of the 20th century in Chingmo, the Ching Dynasty established educational administrative institutions in each province and promoted the proliferation of elementary education academies for the purpose of implementing Confucius education. Since the Ching dynasty had traditionally not been involved in regional educational administration in the past, however, the costs of elementary education academies was born by the local communities despite attempts to proliferate elementary education academies led by the administration. This report therefore attempts to clarify the extent to which local communities and the public bore the costs of elementary education academies and the manner in which the proliferation of elementary education academies was promoted. The proliferation of elementary education academies by the Ching Dynasty is considered to be quite different from methods employed by other countries in that local communities and the general public were required to bear the burden of their costs. However, one way in which the method employed in China differed considerably from those employed in other countries was that a method was employed that did not attempt to instill an awareness of the burden of supporting elementary education academies. This is because school costs were compensated for not only through simple educational taxes, but taxes were also levied on certain merchants, and contributions by nobles accounted for a large proportion of the income of elementary education academies. The reason for the adoption of this method was due to the lack of economic affluence to bear the costs of elementary education academies by the general public, along with the promotion of the proliferation of elementary education academies led by the regional administration without the consent of the general public.

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