テレビジョンの学知 : 1960年代,「放送学」構想の射程

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タイトル別名
  • Knowledge of Television: Scope of the "Broadcast Studies" Scheme in the 1960s
  • テレビジョン ノ ガク チ : 1960ネンダイ,「 ホウソウガク 」 コウソウ ノ シャテイ

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抄録

This paper investigates the formation of early television studies in Japan, elaborating on the relationship between the theory of mass communication in American academia and early postwar Japanese television studies. By focusing on and analyzing the "Broadcast Studies" scheme in 1960s Japanese academia, it clarifies the process of the organization of knowledge for early television studies in Japan. Specifically, this study concentrates on analyzing the ways in which the discourses of television researchers were related and on how they influenced each other in 1960s Japanese academic circles. Early television studies in Japan were connected with various thinkers and researchers of institutions, developing individual television studies into a new way of thinking called "Broadcast Studies." First of all, both Ikutaro Shimizu and Hiroshi Minami demonstrated the ideological guidance of television studies in Japanese academia. They influenced academic institutions such as the Institute of Journalism and Communication Studies at The University of Tokyo (1949-1992) and the NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute (1946 onward), with the result being that demonstrative research of television in Japan was created. A new scheme for television studies was established as critical research. Called "Broadcast Studies," it denied the theory of mass communication in American academia. At the same time, the Institute of the Japan Commercial Broadcasting Association (1962 onward) was established for investigating the characteristics of commercial broadcasting. This association based their thinking on concepts from western television theorists, as is seen in the work of Hidetoshi Kato and Tadao Umesao. Through the analysis of these discourses on early television studies in Japan, this paper shows the underlying structure of the history of Japanese television studies in the 1960s, a discourse that was not solely based on the American theory of mass communication. The research suggests possibilities for future research in Japanese television studies.

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