大阪・奈良の方言における否定辞について─世代差を中心に─

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タイトル別名
  • Changes in the Use of Negative Suffixes in the Osaka and Nara Dialects : An Analysis Focused on Generation Differences
  • オオサカ ・ ナラ ノ ホウゲン ニ オケル ヒテイ ジ ニ ツイテ : セダイサ オ チュウシン ニ

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I carried out an investigation into the use of negation expressions by speakers of the Osaka and Nara dialects. In this paper I report the results of the investigation. It has generally been thought that the negative suffix HEN(e. g., IKAHEN: I do not go) is more frequently used than another negative suffix, N (e. g., IKAN: I do not go) in standard negation sentences in modern Osaka dialect. However, I was able to confirm that the use of N has increased among young people in the past few years. IKAN has increased together with its past form IKANKATTA (I did not go), and IKEN (I cannot go) with its past form IKENKATTA (I was unable to go). This suggests that both the present and past forms change in conjunction with each other. In addition, it was found that the negative suffix YAN, which had previously not been used very much in Osaka, has come to be used more frequently in recent years. Negative suffixes can not only be located at the end of a sentence to create a negation, but can also be buried in the middle of a sentence and used to make expressions of supposition, will, or duty. By investigating them together, I was able to clarify the actual situation of negation expressions and the reasons for the change in the use of negative suffixes. It is suggested that supposition expressions (-YANDEMO) and will expressions (-YANTOKO) were related to the appearance of YAN in a negation sentence, but duty expressions (-YANA AKAN) were not. Moreover, statistical analysis of the use of YAN in each dialect area showed that the change was most pronounced in the Senboku and Minami Kawachi dialect areas.

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