戦後日本資本主義「失われた20年」 : 都市と農村,二つの限界集落(<特集>戦後70年: 日本資本主義の現局面)

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  • "Lost Two Decades" and Japanese Capitalism after WWII(<SPECIAL ISSUE>70 Years after WWII: The Current Phase of Japanese Capitalism)
  • 戦後日本資本主義「失われた20年」 : 都市と農村,二つの限界集落
  • センゴ ニホン シホン シュギ 「 ウシナワレタ 20ネン 」 : トシ ト ノウソン,フタツ ノ ゲンカイ シュウラク

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This paper offers a description of how economic development in Japan was accomplished so quickly. The industrial production index (based on GDP) in five advanced countries shows the rapid economic growth of Japan after World War II. The economy grew about eightfold in the 25 years from 1955 to 1980, which was as much as 2.5 times the economic growth of the United States, Germany, and France, and 1.6 times that of Britain. The speed of economic growth of Japan was phenomenal. This paper discusses the issue of this speed. How was Japan able to increase its productive force rapidly and become an industrialized nation so quickly? The speed shows the differences of structure in various economies, which will be described from the following two perspectives: The first perspective is the world-historic condition, i.e. the Cold War structure, or the U.S. Cold War system vs. the U.S.S.R Cold War system. The second perspective is Japanese domestic conditions, which are broken down under three headings: (1) Capital (funds; machine or technology); (2) Labor (person); (3) Land ownership (agriculture and farmers). From these three conditions, the author defines the Japanese Capitalism structure after WWII as " Exogenous Reproduction Structure." This paper discusses "land ownership." There are three types of land ownership: agricultural land, land for housing, and land for enterprise. Japan accomplished its rapid economic growth by converting the land ownership into capital. Originally, land was not a value-thing, but Japan created the capital by putting a price on the land. It has become the fictitious capital. The stagnation of the Japanese economy is not a problem of business cycles (prosperity-depression), but rather a problem of structure, which appeared as marginal villages (depopulated villages and towns with most inhabitants being senior citizens) in rural and city communities. The Japanese economy has shrunk. The long-lasting sluggish economy is called the "Lost Two Decades." This is the state of the present Japan.

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