第二言語教室における協働型シャドーイング活動の効果的利用に関する考察

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  • The Effective Use of Collaborative Shadowing Activities in Second Language Classrooms

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This paper first introduces sample collaborative shadowing activities used in university-level English courses, discusses concepts to support these activities, and then explores their benefits and drawbacks based on instructor observations and student responses from an end-of-the-semester questionnaire survey and reflection essays on course activities. In a collaborative shadowing activity, a student shares his or her written work orally and the partner repeats his or her words in the form of a dialogue. This activity, termed dialogue-formed shadowing, provides ample opportunities for students to expose themselves to input, to produce output, and to have interaction with each other and receive more feedback on their output, helping to create a cooperative and autonomous learning space. Such practice with nonnative speaker classmates allows students to become aware of the benefits of practicing with non-native speakers. This study shows that a large number of students identified benefits of collaborative shadowing activities. Students found it fun to speak with classmates and to know more about their fellow classmates. They enjoyed communicating with classmates in English, sharing personal stories, and learning from each other. Collaborative shadowing was a new way of practicing the language for them; they reported that shadowing activities provided good listening and speaking practice. However, a few problems were pointed out such as a) repetition of classmates' errors and mistakes, b) uncertainty of correct pronunciation, and c) negative emotions about their own writing. This paper will suggest a few teaching tools and techniques to deal with problems. In the end, this study has raised two issues to be explored in the future. One is whether collaborative shadowing works for a certain type of student group or not, and the other is how the teacher's instructions in shadowing activities change students' performances and their consequent effects upon language learning.

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