Mechanisms regulating direction of spiral colony curvature in bacteria of genus Bacillus

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Among members of the genus Bacillus, B. mycoides are characterized by the formation of radiating spider web-like colonies known as rhizoids. Di Franco et al. previously reported the existence of two morphotypes of rhizoids in B. mycoides, whose filaments systematically curved in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. However, the mechanisms regulating the direction of curvature remain unknown. In this investigation, we isolated a Bacillus strain forming rhizoidal colonies from soil and demonstrated that its colonies change direction of curvature (either clockwise or counter-clockwise) depending on the NaCl concentration of the culture media. In addition, we performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the strain's 16S rDNA gene sequence using the neighbor joining method and, utilizing a scanning electron microscope, examined its morphological characteristics.

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