看護大学生の生活習慣と身体的・精神的健康状態と状態・特性不安の関連：大学生の学年別と性別の比較

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  • Relationship among the lifestyles of nursing college students, their physical and psychological health conditions, and state and trait anxieties：Comparisons of male and female college students in different school years
  • カンゴ ダイガクセイ ノ セイカツ シュウカン ト シンタイテキ ・ セイシンテキ ケンコウ ジョウタイ ト ジョウタイ ・ トクセイ フアン ノ カンレン : ダイガクセイ ノ ガクネン ベツ ト セイベツ ノ ヒカク

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我々は看護大学生１年次生と２年次生 203 名を対象に生活習慣，STAI による状態・特性不安，CMI 健康調査表による身体的・精神的健康状態を調査し，関連を検討した。その結果，大学生の生活習慣と不安と健康状態の関連では，睡眠状態と定期的な運動の有無に有意な関連があった。44.8％の学生は睡眠習慣に問題があった。睡眠状態が良好な者は，CMI での身体的・精神的自覚症の得点は低かった。CMI の全ての項目で女性は男性より平均得点が高く，精神的自覚症の「不適応」，「抑うつ」，「不安」，「緊張」の項目では２年次生の合計の平均点は１年次生より有意に高かった。全体的にも１年次生より２次年生の平均得点が高かった。神経症領域の学生は定期的な運動をしない傾向にあった。以上から，健康な生活習慣を維持できるような健康教育や，男女の特性を踏まえ，学年に対応した支援体制が必要である。学年差は大学生が各学年で直面する課題が影響していると考えた。

The present study involving 203 first- and second-year nursing college students aimed to examine their lifestyles,“state and trait anxieties”(using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory: STAI), and physical and psychological health conditions (using the Cornell Medical Index: CMI), as well as analyze their relationships. Regarding the relationships among the lifestyles of college students, their anxieties, and health conditions, there was a significant correlation between their sleep states and exercise habits. Approximately 44.8% of the students had problems associated with their sleep habits. The students who had developed favorable sleep habits received low CMI scores related to subjective physical and psychological symptoms. Female students received higher mean scores in all items of the CMI than males. The total mean scores for the following items related to subjective psychological symptoms: “maladaptation”, “depression”, “anxiety”, and “tension”, received by second-year students were significantly higher than the scores of first-year students. The total mean scores for other items received by second-year students were also higher than the scores of first-year students. Neurotic students had not developed exercise habits.The results suggest that it is necessary to implement health education to help students maintain healthy lifestyles, and provide appropriate support for students of each school-year while taking into consideration the characteristics of both male and female students. There were differences in scores received by students of different school years because they experienced different problems in each academic year.

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