当事者にとっての「早婚」 ―バングラデシュからの報告

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タイトル別名
  • “Early Marriage” from the Perspective of Those Who Have Experienced It: A Report from Bangladesh
  • トウジシャ ニ トッテ ノ 「 ソウコン 」 : バングラデシュ カラ ノ ホウコク

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There is an increasing understanding that “early marriage” has a negative impact on the physical and mental health, as well as the education of girls. Hence, efforts to eradicate early marriage are being promoted. 　Bangladesh is one of the countries with a high rate of early marriages. Previous studies on early marriage in Bangladesh point out that the level of education and ignorance towards potential risks are influential factors in determining the likelihood of early marriage. Therefore, approaches to eradicate early marriage through the promotion of school education and risk awareness are being taken. Yet, despite the fact that in Bangladesh – especially with regards to women – the education index has increased, the rate of early marriages remains high. 　This paper aims to examine the social meanings of and the ways individuals think about early marriage in Bangladesh through interviews with people who experienced early marriage. This field research shows that the actual situation of the participants is different from the prevailing opinion regarding early marriage that ignorance towards potential risks and low levels of education are the main causes of early marriages. 　This research identifies two key factors underlying early marriage. One is a growing awareness of the importance of education for having better job opportunities and a greater income. The second one is the current situation of women in Bangladesh, who have to rely on marital status for socioeconomic safety. Parents choose early marriage as a result of the influence of both factors. In other words, on the one hand there is a traditional understanding of marriage, as a strategy to avoid potential future risks for girls and women and ensure a stable social life. On the other hand, marriage is also seen as a way for girls and young women to continue their education after, which then allows them to get better employment opportunities, thus raising their and their family’s status. However, while acknowledging that early marriage is considered as a new strategy to ensure a better life for girls and young women, this paper does not affirm early marriage as such. Rather, this paper aims to question the effectiveness of current measures to end early marriage based on promoting education and awareness-raising activities in Bangladesh.

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