Plaque Formation Assay for Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 1

  • Fukushima Keijo
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Takahashi Tadanobu
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Takaguchi Masahiro
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Ueyama Hiroo
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Ito Seigo
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Kurebayashi Yuuki
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Kawanishi Tomohiro
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • McKimm-Breschkin Jennifer Lois
    CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies
  • Takimoto Toru
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center
  • Minami Akira
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Suzuki Takashi
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka

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抄録

Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV1) generally does not show visible plaques in common cell lines, including Lewis lung carcinoma-monkey kidney (LLC-MK2) cells, by plaque formation assays for human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV3) and Sendai virus. In several conditions of the plaque formation assay, complete elimination of serum proteins in the overlay medium was necessary for visualization of hPIV1-induced plaque formation in LLC-MK2 cells. We developed a plaque formation assay for hPIV1 isolation and titration in LLC-MK2 cells using an initial overlay medium of bovine serum albumin-free Eagle's minimum essential medium containing agarose and acetylated trypsin for 4—6 d followed by a second overlay staining medium containing agarose and neutral red. The assay allowed both laboratory and clinical hPIV1 strains to form large plaques. The plaque reduction assay was also performed with rabbit anti-hPIV1 antibody as a general evaluation model of viral inhibitors to decrease both the plaque number and size. The results indicate that the plaque formation assay is useful for hPIV1 isolation, titration, evaluation of antiviral reagents and epidemiologic research.

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