高脂肪無糖質食摂取ラットにおける糖新生高進と尿素生成との関連

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  • Interrelationship between gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis in rats fed a high fat, carbohydrate-free diet.

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The study was carried out to observe the effects of high fat feeding on the metabolic pathway of gluconeogenesis as opposed to high protein feeding. The rats were fed on a high protein-carbohydratefree (HP) diet, a high fat-carbohydrate free diet consisting of either corn oil (HF-corn oil) or medium chain triglyceride (HF-MCT), and a control diet (high carbohydrate) for 10 days.<BR>A high activity of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) was shown in the 3 groups except for the control group. Despite elevated gluconeogenesis in those groups, the activity of hepatic enzyme of glutamic alanine transaminase (GAT), pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and arginase was different between rats fed the HF-corn oil, HF-MCT and HP diets. The activities of GAT and arginase increased in the HP group, but PC activity did not increase in comparison with the control group. The HF-corn oil fed rats showed an enhancement of PC activity, but not GAT and arginase activity. The HF-MCT feeding, however, did not induce such a high activity of PC. It rather resulted in higher GAT and arginase activities than that observed with the HF-corn oil feeding, although the activities were less than that in rats fed the HP diet.<BR>When animals were starved for 24 hours, the levels of G6Pase activity in rats of the 3 groups were decreased to almost the same level as in control rats. The findings concerning the relative activity of GAT and PC among the fed groups were even observed in the starved rat groups. Arginase activity was low in HF-corn oil and HF-MCT rats in starved state.<BR>These results suggest that a different mechanism from the one occurring in high protein feeding is responsible for stimulating glucose synthesis by high fat (long chain) feeding, and that acetyl CoA, which is formed in large amounts as a result of accelerated fatty acid oxidation, may promote gluconeogenesis without ureogenesis acceleration.

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