RhG-CSF Improves Radiation-induced Myelosuppression and Survival in the Canine Exposed to Fission Neutron Irradiation

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  • YU Zu-Yin
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • LI Ming
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • HAN A-Ru-Na
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • XING Shuang
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • OU Hong-Ling
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • XIONG Guo-Lin
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • XIE Ling
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • ZHAO Yan-Fang
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • XIAO He
    Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences
  • SHAN Ya-Jun
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • ZHAO Zhen-Hu
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • LIU Xiao-Lan
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • CONG Yu-Wen
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
  • LUO Qing-Liang
    Department of Experimental Therapeutic of Radiation Sickness, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine

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Fission-neutron radiation damage is hard to treat due to its critical injuries to hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems, and so far few data are available on the therapeutic measures for neutron-radiation syndrome. This study was designed to test the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in dogs which had received 2.3 Gy mixed fission-neutron-γ irradiation with a high ratio of neutrons (~90%). Following irradiation, rhG-CSF treatment induced 100% survival versus 60% in controls. Only two of five rhG-CSF-treated dogs experienced leukopenia (white blood cells [WBC] count < 1.0 × 109/L) and neutropenia (neutrophil [ANC] count < 0.5 × 109/L), whereas all irradiated controls displayed a profound period of leukopenia and neutropenia. Furthermore, administration of rhG-CSF significantly delayed the onset of leukopenia and reduced the duration of leucopenia as compared with controls. In addition, individual dogs in the rhG-CSF-treated group exhibited evident differences in rhG-CSF responsiveness after neutron-irradiation. Finally, histopathological evaluation of the surviving dogs revealed that the incidence and severity of bone marrow, thymus and spleen damage decreased in rhG-CSF-treated dogs as compared with surviving controls. Thus, these results demonstrated that rhG-CSF administration enhanced recovery of myelopoiesis and survival after neutron-irradiation.

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