Control of muscle protein synthesis in response to exercise and amino acids
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- Nakai Naoya
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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- Kawano Fuminori
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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- Ohira Yoshinobu
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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There is a general consensus that resistance exercise and nutrition (especially amino acids) are the most effective interventions for maintaining skeletal muscle mass. The intracellular signaling pathways through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine protein kinase, are the most established mechanism for controlling muscle protein synthesis. Acute bouts of resistance exercise and amino acid ingestion independently activate mTOR and its downstream targets that modulate protein translation initiation and elongation. Although resistance exercise can modulate protein synthesis by endocrine regulation, such as the secretion of hormones and growth factors, one of the most recognized mechanisms for controlling muscle mass by resistance exercise involves mechanical tension. In regard to nutritional regulation, recent research indicates that intracellular amino acid availability, particularly that of leucine, may be a primary regulator of muscle protein synthesis following the ingestion of amino acids. The authors previously reported that leucine catabolism also has a significant impact on amino acid-induced protein synthesis. In contrast to established downstream molecular targets such as p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP1), the upstream mediators, for regulating mTOR and protein synthesis in response to resistance exercise and amino acids, remain to be clarified. In this brief review, current progress regarding the intracellular mechanisms of muscle protein synthesis, in response to resistance exercise and amino acid ingestion, is discussed.
収録刊行物
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- The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine
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The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 1 (2), 297-305, 2012
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
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詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1390001205416817920
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- NII論文ID
- 10031158957
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- NII書誌ID
- AA12573156
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- ISSN
- 21868123
- 21868131
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- NDL書誌ID
- 023829647
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- 本文言語コード
- en
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- データソース種別
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- JaLC
- NDL
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