Genetic Analysis of an H5N2 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from a Chicken in a Live Bird Market in Northern Vietnam in 2012

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  • NISHI Tatsuya
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060–0818, Japan
  • OKAMATSU Masatoshi
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060–0818, Japan
  • SAKURAI Kenji
    OIE Regional Representation for Asia and the Pacific, Food Science Building 5F, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
  • CHU Huy Duc
    Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 15/78 Giaiphong, Phuongmai, Dongda, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • THANH Long Pham
    Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 15/78 Giaiphong, Phuongmai, Dongda, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • van NGUYEN Long
    Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 15/78 Giaiphong, Phuongmai, Dongda, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • van HOANG Nam
    Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 15/78 Giaiphong, Phuongmai, Dongda, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • THI Diep Nguyen
    Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 15/78 Giaiphong, Phuongmai, Dongda, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • SAKODA Yoshihiro
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060–0818, Japan
  • KIDA Hiroshi
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060–0818, Japan Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001–0020, Japan

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In August 2012, A/chicken/Vietnam/OIE-2215/2012 (H5N2) was isolated from a chicken in a live bird market (LBM) in Northern Vietnam. Intravenous pathogenicity test revealed that this virus is highly pathogenic in chickens. The PA, HA, NP and M, PB2 and NA, and PB1 and NS genes of the isolate were phylogenetically closely related to those of A/duck/Vietnam/OIE-2202/2012 (H5N1) of clade 2.3.2.1, A/chicken/Vietnam/OIE-1611/2012 (H9N2) and A/chicken/Vietnam/OIE-2468/2012 (H9N2), respectively. All of these viruses were isolated from birds in LBMs in the same province. These results indicate that A/chicken/Vietnam/OIE-2215/2012 (H5N2) is a genetic reassortant and that surveillance of avian influenza in LBMs and stamping out policy are essential for the eradication of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from Asia.

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