歴代書跡に対する董其昌の鑑定・評価基準

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Dong Qichang's Criteria for Appraising and Evaluating Past Works of Calligraphy
  • 歴代書跡に対する董其昌の鑑定・評価基準 : 褚摹系「蘭亭序」に近似する一群の書跡の存在から
  • レキダイショ アト ニ タイスル トウソノ ショウ ノ カンテイ ・ ヒョウカ キジュン : チョモケイ 「 ランテイ ジョ 」 ニ キンジ スル イチグン ノ ショ アト ノ ソンザイ カラ
  • With Reference to the Existence of a Group of Works Closely Resembling the "Lanting xu" Copied by Chu Suiliang
  • 褚摹系「蘭亭序」に近似する一群の書跡の存在から

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抄録

Dong Qichang 董其昌 (1555-1636) is renowned not only for his own works of painting and calligraphy and for his theories, but also for his appraisal of past paintings and calligraphy. It is evident from his autobiography that he was granted opportunities to appraise such works by several collectors, including Xiang Yuanbian 項元汴 and Han Shineng 韓世能, and consequently it would seem that even today his appraisals are trusted. But the actual techniques and styles that he favoured are still not clear, and there is scope for further examination of his criteria for appraising and evaluating past works of calligraphy. Accordingly, in this article I cite examples of his own calligraphy and past works of calligraphy that he extolled and ascertain the style of calligraphy that he held in high regard with a view to exploring his criteria.<br>  As a result, I was able to confirm that Dong Qichang was fond of calligraphy in which the characters begin with a long stroke and are written in thin sinuous strokes that give the impression of having been written with the brush held upright. This closely resembles the "Lanting xu" 蘭亭序 said to have been copied by Chu Suiliang 褚遂良. Dong Qichang regarded this type of style as an orthodox style going back to Zhong Yao 鍾繇 and Wang Xizhi 王羲之. It is surmised that he would have praised the "Lanting shi" 蘭亭詩 by Liu Gongque 柳公権 and the "Buxushi tie" 歩虚詩帖 by Yang Ningshi 楊凝式, which added a sense of vigour to this, on account of their having brought about a desirable change to the earlier style.<br>  A similar style can also be seen in calligraphers of the earlier Yunjian 雲間 school, and this would seem to be the reason that Dong Qichang extolled the Yunjian school of calligraphy. Furthermore, the so−called late Huating 華亭 school has until now been considered to have been influenced by Dong Qichang on account of the fact that the style in question can be seen in many of the late Ming works of calligraphy included in the Huang wenzi huibao 広文字会宝, but it is to be surmised that it was influenced by the contemporary popularity of this style without having been directly influenced by Dong Qichang.

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