Ionic States of Copper Atoms in YBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3−<I>x</I></SUB>O<SUB>7−<I>y</I></SUB>

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The number of electrons around Cu atoms of tetragonal YBa2Cu2.933O6.38 gas been calculated from the charge integrations by direct Fourier summations of X-ray diffraction data. The atomic charges estimated from the total number of electrons belonging to the Cu1 and Cu2 atoms are +0.98(8) e and +1.78(7) e, suggesting univalent (3d10) and divalent (3d9) ionic states, respectively. The respective ionic states accord with the observations of the spherical electron distribution (Cu1) and of localized electron (Cu2).

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