鳥類の染色体による雌雄判定

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タイトル別名
  • Sex Determination by Chromosomes in Seven Species of Birds
  • チョウルイ ノ センショクタイ ニヨル シユウ ハンテイ

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To determine genetic sex, chromosome studies with blood cell cultures were carried out on birds of 7 species which had been bred in the Asa Zoological Park, City of Hiroshima, and the sexes of which had not clearly been discriminated by their external form. The following results were obtained. 1. In Haliaeetus albicilla 66 chromosomes, including 8 microchromosomes, were detected. Birds of the other species had more than 8 microchromosomes, which we are neither identified nor counted accurately. 2. In all the species of birds, except Haliaeetus albicilla, the chromosomes could be classified into 3 groups, A, B and C, by karyotype analysis. The Z-chromosomes were classified into group A or B, except those of Haliaeetus albicilla. They were relatively large in size and telocentric or submetacentric. The W-chromosomes were classified into group C. They were much smaller than the Z-chromosomes. The W-chromosomes of Phoenicopterus ruber chilensis and Anthropoides Paradisea were small in size and submetacentric. Those of Bubo bubo were also small in size, but was telocentric. Birds of the remaining species had so many similar chromosomes that it was comparatively difficult to identify the W-chromosomes in them. 3. It was not so difficult to decide merely the sex of each species by microscopic observation, because the z-chromosomes were comparatively large and the W-chromosomes rather small. The odd number of chromosomes belonging to groups A and B (large or medium in size) represented the female and the even number the male. 4. The results of chromosomal observation agreed with those of anatomical examination in birds of 2 species used in a basic experiment. 5. In the present experiment, collection of blood samples induced neither shock nor any other particular trouble.

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