Researches in Steel

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  • Chipman John
    Professor Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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The lecturer summarizes several steps in the application of thermodynamics to problems of ferrous metallurgy. His first effort in this field was a study of deoxidation of liquid steel. Other problems of interest in open-hearth operation included the carbon-oxygen relation, the influence of slags, absorption of hydrogen by the bath and the removal of sulfur.<BR>Studies aimed at blast furnace problems included evaluation of thermodynamic activities of lime, silica, magnesia, alumina and sulfur in the slag.<BR>A brief account is given of the lecturer’s contribution to the litigation in Detroit concerning the Austrian patent on the L.D. or B.O.F. process.<BR>More recent work has been directed toward a better understanding of austenite, the high temperature form of iron which is of paramount importance in solidification, heat treatment and hot-working of steel. The activity of carbon in this solid solution has been determined as a function of composition and temperature and the effects of the important alloying elements, manganese, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium have been established. Some results are given of an as yet unpublished study of the system Fe–Mn–C and of the manganese carbides in steels. The lecture concludes with suggestions for further work on solid steels.

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