Quantitative Metallographic Study of the Solidification of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

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The eutectic solidification of Fe–Ni–C, Fe–C and Fe–Si–C spheroidal graphite cast irons were investigated quantitatively. Small specimens of the irons were quenched at various stages of solidification under controlled cooling, and their microstructures in vertical sections were examined.<BR>The number of the growing graphite nodules or eutectic spheres in unit volume of the iron was found unchanged from the beginning of normal solidification. The growth rate constants of eutectic spheres obtained in a varied condition of undercooling were consistent with those calculated on the assumption that the growth was controlled by the carbon diffusion inward through the austenite envelope.<BR>An approximate interrelation between the fraction and number of graphite nodules, the growth rate constant of eutectic spheres and the solidification time was obtained. From the equation and the saturated value of the growth rate constant, the critical conditions for the abnormal solidification to occur in the later stage were considered and verified experimentally. The relationship between undercooling and the number of graphite nodules in castings of the same solidification period was also successfully explained.

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