Functional Features of a Hot Micro-Vickers Hardness Tester with Loading Rate Controllable Device and its Metallurgical Applications

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A new type micro-Vickers hardness tester with a loading-rate controllable device has been developed for a high temperature microscope. The main advantage of this hot hardness tester is to keep the loading rate constant during each test, in the five steps from 0.00196 to 1.96 N/s (0.2 to 200 gf/s), by means of the magnetic repulsive force between a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. On this tester, an indenter mounted to a plunger is free to move without any friction on the optical axis of the microscope, and the minimum load can be lowered to 0.098 N. Then, this hot micro-hardness tester has a capability to select an appropriate loading rate corresponding with each physical and mechanical property with which the hardness is correlated, and also to select the rate depending on temperature. The maximum available temperature reaches 1870 K.<BR>This hot micro-hardness tester has been successfully used to study the loading rate dependence on hardness of a silicon-iron alloy, an alloy tool steel and a eutectoid carbon steel, together with the temperature dependence on hardness. The loading rate dependence was found to be remarkable in the temperature range at which structural changes and phase transformations of materials take place.

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