煬帝の百戯と日本の正月中旬饗宴儀礼

• 平間 充子

書誌事項

タイトル別名

• Emperor <i>Yang</i> _??_ (reigned 604-18)'s <i>BaiXi</i> _??__??_ in China and Imperial ceremony in the middle of januarys in ancient Japan

抄録

In the ancient court of Japan they held Toka Sechie _??__??__??__??_, one of the types of Imperial ceremony or feast celebrated on the sixteenth day of each new year. We know it as Toka Sechie because the ceremony included the typical dance of Toka _??__??_. It has been argued that it comes from the Chinese festival of YuanXiaoGuanDeng _??__??__??__??_, but there is a serious time contradiction; YuanXiaoGuanDeng were held in 713, whereas Japanese model of Toka Sechie started between the end of the 7^th century and the very beginning of the 8^th century. So I suggest that BaiXi _??__??_ (an acrobatic, music and dance festival that was held in an old Chinese city by Yang _??_ (reigned 604-18), a great emperor of the Sui ?? dynasty) is where the Japanese model of Toka Sechie originated, based on some constructive comparisons between two imperial events from a political point of view. Moreover, I will analyze the political importance of musical and dancing performance in the Japanese ancient court mentioning not only other examples of Emperor Yang's BaiXi but also the archery ceremony.<br>In chapter 1, I reveal two things about the construction of Toka Sechie through analysis of official protocol and histories; firstly, the presence of embassies at the ceremony was highly important in order that they may perform there. Secondly, in the early days the dates and events were not fixed, the Toka performance especially was not regulated until the middle of the 8^th century, so we cannot use the Toka as evidence to determine the origin of Toka Sechie.<br>In chapter 2, I study the Chinese side, basing this study on descriptions of the official history of SuiShu ⌈_??__??_⌋, some literature and other types of records. I demonstrate inconclusively the existence of Toka performances in this area by showing that some terms of “Toka” performance appear besides those imperial events. On the other hand, I conclude that Emperor Yang's BaiXi is the model of Toka Sechie due to two commonalities with the Japanese Imperial ceremony; firstly, Emperor Yang gave audience to those who came to LuoYang _??__??_ BaiXi to display his immense power and that of his vast Sui empire, at which the embassies were obliged to be present. Secondly, we can see systematic and national arrangements for this festival.<br>To determine whether or not embassies performed in each court, I must take into consideration the significance of the difference between two Imperial archery ceremonies (SheLi _??__??_ in China, Sha _??_ in Japan) in chapter 3 as Japanese model of Toka Sechie is closely related to the ceremony of Sha. In Chinese SheLi, foreigners never participated but were obliged to in Japanese Sha, as was the case in Emperor Yang's BaiXi and in Toka Sechie and its Japanese model. Now we have a model on which to base a study on the political significance of the difference between these archery ceremonies in each country, and I suppose that its significance is also applicable to Toka Sechie, not only because the Japanese model of Toka Sechie contained archery performances in its original style, but also because both marshal and musical performances are considered symbolic of the performer's obedience to the main spectators in ancient Japan. A Japanese historian has proved that these situations in two Imperial archery ceremonies represent the difference of Li _??_, a political philosophy which includes various ways to show and maintain it in each court. In addition to this conclusion, it is suggested that Yue _??_.music had second place to express Li, as She had the third, so I consider that the typical ceremony to perform music and dance in Japan can reflect

収録刊行物

• 東洋音楽研究

  東洋音楽研究 2006 (71), 39-63, 2006

  社団法人 東洋音楽学会

詳細情報

• CRID: 1390001205337172096
• NII論文ID: 130003704803
• DOI: 10.11446/toyoongakukenkyu1936.2006.39
• ISSN: 18840272
• ISSN: 00393851
• データソース種別:
  • JaLC
  • CiNii Articles
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