人胎児子宮の神経分布

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  • Innervation of Uterus in Human Embryo
  • ヒト タイジ シキュウ ノ シンケイ ブンプ

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The plexus cervicalis uteri shows a very good development in the medial stage of the human embryonic life, and ganglia of varied sizes are formed therein, as in the human adult. The ganglia are composed of nerve cells and paraganglion cells and are represented as my so-called compound ganglia. The connective tissue and the accessory cell-plasmodium around the nerve cells are as yet very backward in development, which presumably develop by proliferation later on accompanying the development of the nerve cells, especially their nerve processes.<br>Nerve cells are not found in the muscular lager of the uterus.<br>Nerve cells in the plexus cervicalis uteri are extremely well developed, as those in the other ganglia related with the urogenital organs in the minor pelvis generally are. They are classifiable into larger and smaller ones, are multipolar and can be divided into DOGIEL's types I and II by the arrangement of their nerve processes. Type I cells mostly belong to the larger and the type II cells to the smaller cells. Binuclear cells are not rare, but more multinuclear cells are not yet in existence.<br>The paraganglia in plexus cervicalis uteri are very well developed sympathetic paraganglia, and the gland cells are each provided with a round nucleus and a cell body very hard to stain. They are rich in small veins and capillaries and are penetrated by minute nerve fibres, which are much finer than those in the ZUCKERKANDL's paraganglia observable in the latter stage of embryonic life (SAKURAOKA) and showing little change of size, pass over into the specific terminalreticulum after frequent ramifications and anastomoses, coming in tactile control over the paraganglion cells.<br>The muscle layer of the uterus of a mid-stage embryo is composed of three distinct layers as in adult uterus, but the uterine glands are as yet immature and the connective tissue cells in the propria also infantile. Many nerve dundles, large and small, enter from the plexus cervicalis uteri into the muscular layer through the adventitia, branch out into more numerous rami and distribute widely in the tunica muscularis and the propria.<br>Most of the fibres are fine vegetative, but a very small number of sensory fibres is found among them. The myelinisation of the sensory fibres is not yet clearly demonstrable at this stage. The perivascular plexus is also well developed, but it is of course entirely of vegetative nature.<br>The termination of the vegetative nerve fibres is represented as the nearly completed terminalreticulum, especially in the tunica muscularis and the propria. The terminalreticulum is sometimes found running along the epithelium and the uterine glands but it never penetrate into thier cell bodies. The terminalreticulum in the vascularr wall penetrates as far as the inside of the media, but I could not observe the protoplasmatic connection between the muscle fibres and the terminalreticulum described by KNOCHE.<br>The sensory fibres run into the connective tissue of the propria as far as the close vicinity of the epithelium, and end in sharp simplest unbranched or simple branched terminations with two to three branches. Such sensory fibres are most abundant in the cervix uteri, decreasing in the corpus and fundus, becoming very rare in the portio vaginalis.

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