ナイジェリア, アナンブラ州アバカリキ地区におけるギニアワーム症の調査-治療, 飲料水の検査および就学率に及ぼす影響

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  • Investigations on guinea worm disease in anambra state, Nigeria. Treatment of patients, examination of drinking water and influence on school attendance.

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Investigation and treatment were performed on the cases with guinea worm disease (dracontiasis) in Abakariki district of Anambra State, Nigeria. In the classification of 63 patients under study by their professions, 76% were agricultural workers, 19% school boys and girls, and average age of the patients was 21 years old. For the treatment, albendazole was given to the patients, and the course up to the complete excretion of worm body was carefully observed. Whole worm body was excreted within 5 days in average, and the ulcerated region of the skin was healed thereafter. Bacterial colonies counts were examined on the drinking water by dividing water sources into five groups of ponds, shallow wells, deep wells, rivers and tap water. The results of the test revealed that the water in ponds, shallow wells and rivers was heavily contaminated and cyclops, the intermediary host of Dracunculus medinesis, was found in large quantity, suggesting frequent and easy infection of the disease. In elementary schools, many pupils (59.6% of all) were absent due to guinea worm disease, and this suggests that the disease exerts extensive social and economical influence such as the decrease of school attendance ratio or the decline of agricultural production. This disease is related with the hygienic standards of drinking water, and the prevention of the disease is extremely important. The construction of deep wells is urgently wanted, while it is also essential to provide good knowledge of hygiene to the inhabitants through education.

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