Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in an Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient.

  • YUMURA-YAGI Keiko
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health
  • MATSUDA Yoshiko
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health
  • MIYAGAWA Kazuhiko
    Division of Pediatrics, Fukui Prefectural Hospital
  • HENMI Mutsumi
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health
  • PARK Yong Dong
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health
  • SAKATA Naoki
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health
  • INOUE Masami
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health
  • KAWA-HA Keisei
    Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health

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Other Title
  • 特発性肺出血を合併した非血縁者間骨髄移植の1例

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Abstract

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is one of the life-threatening complications after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). A 4-year-old boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia received BMT from an unrelated bone marrow donor. The preconditioning regimen consisted of total body irradiation, melphalan and thiotepa. After BMT, severe mucositis was seen. Recovery of white blood cells was seen on day 12 after BMT. On day 22, he developed severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) with rash on general skin, bloody diarrhea and fever accompaning cytomegalovirus enteritis. By treatment with steroids, FK506 and ganciclovir, these symptoms seemed to improve. On day 33, however, he showed severe dyspnea. On the basis of bloody sputum and diffuse consolidation of the chest X-ray, diagnosis of DAH was made. Therapies such as steroid pulse and surfactant were ineffective, and he died at day 42. Intensive prophylaxis of GVHD and reduction of mucosal toxicity of conditioning regimen may be needed to prevent DAH in allogeneic BMT.

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