繊維作物の種類および利用と植物分類上の区分との関係

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タイトル別名
  • Genera, Families and Orders of Fiber Crops
  • センイ サクモツ ノ シュルイ オヨビ リヨウ ト ショクブツ ブンルイジョウ

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Literatures pertaining to the genera, families and orders to which fiber crops belong were reviewed to examine taxonomic distribution of fiber crops. Fiber crops including those for textile and filling, cultivated as well as wild and semi-wild species were taken up for this study.<BR>1. Eighty-six crops of the dicotyledon were found to belong to 53 genera, 13 families and 6 orders. Orders were as follows : Gentianales, Geraniales, Malvales, Myrtales, Rosales and Urticales.<BR>Forty-two fiber crops of the monocotyledon included 11 genera, 4 families and 3 orders. Orders were as follows : Bromeliales, Liliales and Zingiberales.<BR>2. It was observed that the majority of fiber crops developed from a limited number of orders or families, such as Malvales and Urticales in the dicotyledon, and Agavaceae in the monocotyledon.<BR>It was noticed that the fiber crops were somewhat related with the larger taxa, orders and families suggesting that vegetable fibers developed from a rather small number of plant groups.<BR>3. Economically important fiber crops in the dicotyledon belonged to the following families : Malvaceae, Bombacaceae, Linaceae, Tiliaceae, Leguminosae, Cannabaceae, and Urticaceae. The other families concerned were Asclepiada-ceae, Sterculiaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Moraceae, etc.<BR>4. Economically important fiber crops in the monocotyledon belonged to the following families : Agavaceae, Liliaceae and Musaceae. The other family concerned was Bromeliaceae.<BR>5. There were many species of shrubs and small trees with fibers utilized in the tropics. Most of the cultivated species were annual herbs, while most of the wild and semi-wild species were woody.<BR>There were a few cultivated fiber crops and many wild and semi-wild species in the Hibiscus group.<BR>6. It was noticed that both bast and seed fibers developed from Asclepiadaceae and that Malvaceae included both species of seed and bast fibers. It was therefore assumed that seed and bast fibers developed side by side from particular plant groups.<BR>Many crops producing natural fabrics from the bark belonged to Moraceae and to other falmiies with species characterized by active development of secondary phloem.

収録刊行物

  • 熱帯農業

    熱帯農業 24 (2), 45-53, 1980

    日本熱帯農業学会

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