Reflex control of human locomotion: Existence, features and functions of common interneuronal system induced by multiple sensory inputs in humans

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  • Nakajima Tsuyoshi
    Department of Integrative Physiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine
  • Mezzarane Rinaldo A.
    Laboratory of Signal Processing and Motor Control, College of Physical Education, University of Brasília
  • Komiyama Tomoyoshi
    Division of Sports and Health Science, Chiba University
  • Paul Zehr E.
    Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Victoria Human Discovery Science, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria

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Neural output from the locomotor system for each arm and leg influences the spinal motoneuronal pools directly and indirectly through interneuronal (IN) reflex networks. This review article mainly describes the recent findings concerning the existence, features and functions of common IN systems on spinal reflex pathways induced by multisensory inputs during human locomotion. In particular, we focus on regulation of polysynaptic cutaneous reflex pathways assessed by spatial facilitation. Furthermore, we provide evidence for activation of common presynaptic inhibitory INs that integrate locomotor-related commands and antagonist group Ia inputs. The experimental results are discussed in light of recent advances in motor control in humans and other animals with implications for locomotor rehabilitation.

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