Wildlife Science : Hemorrhagic stomatitis in a natural hybrid of Vipera ammodytes × Vipera berus due to inappropriate substrate in terrarium

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  • CZIRJÁK Gábor Árpád
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăștur str. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
  • KÖBÖLKUTI Lóránd Béla
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăștur str. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • TENK Miklós
    Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Tábornok u. 2, 1149 Budapest, Hungary
  • SZAKÁCS Attila
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăștur str. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • KELEMEN Attila
    Vivarium, Faculty of Biology and Geology, University Babeș-Bolyai, Clinicilor str. 5–7, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • SPÎNU Marina
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăștur str. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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  • Hemorrhagic stomatitis in a natural hybrid of <i>Vipera ammodytes</i> ×<i> Vipera berus</i> due to inappropriate substrate in terrarium

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A natural hybrid of Vipera ammodytes × Vipera berus was presented having low body weight, seizures and generalized swelling of the cephalic region. Based on the history of the case and clinical examination, hemorrhagic stomatitis of traumatic origin was diagnosed. The snake was kept in a terrarium with wood chips as a substrate, and the material had induced trauma in the oral mucosa which was further complicated with Salmonella Arizonae and Morganella morganii co-infection, abscessation and osteomyelitis. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of bacterial infection in European snake hybrids and one of a few case reports in European snakes. Although wood chips are an inexpensive substrate, based on our findings, they should be avoided when keeping and breeding European vipers.

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