Dielectric Relaxation of Ba₁₋xCa[x]TiO₃ (x = 0.0-0.3)

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  • Dielectric Relaxation of Ba<sub>1−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Ca<i><sub>x</sub></i>TiO<sub>3</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0.0–0.3)
  • Dielectric Relaxation of Ba<sub>1&minus;</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Ca<i><sub>x</sub></i>TiO<sub>3</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0.0&ndash;0.3)

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Ba1−xCaxTiO3 samples (x = 0.0–0.30) were prepared by a solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction patterns of the prepared samples show that the samples containing Ca2+ concentration lower than 14 at% were identified to tetragonal phase of BaTiO3. In the samples with Ca2+ concentration higher than 14 at% CaTiO3 appears and coexists with BaTiO3. The dielectric constant at room temperature of all the samples was measured in a frequency range from zero to 2.5 MHz. A modified Cole-Cole formula was used to fit the experimental data. The fitting results show that the samples exhibit a single relaxation process that suggests BaTiO3 and CaTiO3 coexist in a nested hybrid form in the samples with Ca concentration in a range of (0.14–0.30). An abnormal dependence on the Ca2+ concentration of the dielectric relaxation time was observed and supposed to be related with a pinning effect due to the local point-deformation caused by Ca2+ substitution and/or with a nesting of BaTiO3 and CaTiO3 in a hybrid form.

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