A study on effects and functions of developed Greening Soil Materials (GSM) for combating desertification

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Desertification is one of the most critical geo-environmental problems. The purpose of this research is to develop the sustainable and high added value anti-desertification method by utilizing medicinal plant licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis). It is one of the most valuable medicinal plants which grow naturally in arid region, such as Mongolia and China, but the distribution area is decreasing recently. Therefore, planting licorice in Mongolian arid region by simple and inexpensive method could be “sustainable and high added value greening”, which can satisfy geo-environmental improvement, expansion of distribution area of licorice, and conservation of natural ecological resource at the same time. In order to achieve these purpose, we developed Greening Soil Material (GSM), which is pipe-shaped and has several times higher water and nutrient retention capacity for planting licorice in deteriorated area. In this paper, cultural experiments were conducted in sandy ground simulated arid region and Non-habitat of licorice in Mongolia by using GSM in order to grasp suitable soil water and calcium condition, setting direction and outer layer processing were examined for survival and growth of licorice. It could be revealed that 1) medicinal ingredient in the root tended to become higher by using GSM whose available moisture has 3 to 10 times higher than the Mongolian soils, 2) root length and weight became bigger by using GSM which contains around 18% of CaCO3, 3) survival rate of the conditions setting GSM horizontally was higher than the conditions setting GSM vertically, 4) survival rate of the conditions which GSM contained 10% of compost or potting soil as the dry weight ratio was higher than other conditions, and 5) the more Ca2+ had been kept in the GSM, the higher survival rate was.

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