発話からの感情判断におけるレキシカルバイアス：その発達的機序をめぐって

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タイトル別名
  • Young Children’s Judgments of Speaker Affect: The Developmental Mechanism of the Appearance and Disappearance of Lexical Bias
  • ハツワ カラ ノ カンジョウ ハンダン ニ オケル レキシカルバイアス : ソノ ハッタツテキ キジョ オ メグッテ

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抄録

In an utterance, paralinguistic information sometimes conveys the speaker’s affect<br> differently from that which the lexical content indicates. In such a case, adults rely<br> on paralinguistic information more heavily than lexical content to judge the speaker’s<br> affect. However, young children often show a lexical bias (Friend & Bryant, 2000);<br>they rely on lexical contents rather than paralinguistic information. Why do young<br> children show this bias although even infants are very sensitive to speaker affect con-<br>veyed by emotional prosody? We reviewed the literature and found two factors that<br> may contribute to the appearance of this bias in young children. First, once children<br> become capable of understanding speech, they rely more on lexical contents than emo-<br>tional prosody, as their ability to infer speaker affect based on emotional prosody is still<br> not as developed as adults’. Second, due to their immature ability to shift attention,<br>young children have difficulty in transferring focus from lexical contents to emotional<br> prosody when they encounter utterances whose lexical content indicates a different af-<br>fect from the one inferred from the emotional prosody. We also suggest that future<br> research should explore cultural influence on the appearance and disappearance of lex-<br>ical bias as well as investigate the relationship between infants’ implicit sensitivity to,<br>and children’s and adults’ explicit understanding of, speaker affect through speech.

収録刊行物

  • 認知科学

    認知科学 23 (1), 49-64, 2016

    日本認知科学会

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