Various Gas Sensors and Hydrogen Detection Systems

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  • 各種ガスセンサと水素検知・警報システム
  • カクシュ ガスセンサ ト スイソ ケンチ ・ ケイホウ システム

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Abstract

<p>The hydrogen sensors are important items supporting the hydrogen safety at every phase of hydrogen production, transportation, storage, filling and consumption. Currently, there are three kinds gas sensors which a hot wire semiconductor type, a catalytic combustion type and a thermal conductive type to the hydrogen detection, and each detection range is different. For example, in the hydrogen station, a hot wire semiconductor type and a catalytic combustion type gas sensor are practically used. The thermal conductive type gas sensor is used as hydrogen concentration meter of hydrogen diffusion test. These three kinds of sensors already have many market results. However, the further improvement of the sensors is still necessary about power consumption, response time and durability to support safety of the future hydrogen energy society. So we had developed the catalytic combustion type hydrogen sensor in the shape of the miniature beads. It is using the optimized Pd-Pt/Al2O3 catalyst and the Pt micro-heater coil. Both warm-up time and response time of this sensor achieved less than 1 second by downsizing the element to 200 μm diameter. Furthermore, we have been joint development with Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency the novel hydrogen sensor which can detect trace amounts of hydrogen in vacuum or anoxia conditions. This sensor uses the cerium oxide which is nonstoichiometric oxide for hydrogen sensing material. The sensor resistance depending on hydrogen and oxygen partial pressure ratios at any pressure from 10-5Pa to atmospheric pressure. This sensor may use to the safety management of the reusable observation rockets. In addition, it may apply to air / fuel sensor. We assume that these gas sensor technologies contribute to hydrogen safety.</p>

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