スラバヤ,インドネシアにおけるルーマー・ススンの共用空間の使われ方に関する考察

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タイトル別名
  • STUDY ON USAGE OF COMMON SPACE WITHIN RUMAH SUSUN IN SURABAYA, INDONESIA
  • スラバヤ,インドネシア ニ オケル ルーマー ・ ススン ノ キョウヨウ クウカン ノ ツカワレ カタ ニ カンスル コウサツ

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<p> The objective of this article is to evaluate space formation of rumah susun ( Rusun ) ( apartment house or flats ) in Surabaya Indonesia, focusing on the common spaces for the new models of Rusun. This paper clarifies how to use the dwelling unit that is very limited to 18 m2 ( 3m×6m ) and common living space. The dwelling units can be classified into several groups in terms of space divisional and additional pattern. Kitchen ( dapur ) and even bathing space ( kamar mandi ) tends to be installed in private dwelling unit and, but common space is used variably by compensating the narrowness of dwelling space. Based on the analysis of data obtained by our field surveys, we aim to propose guidelines for renovation and future design of rumah susun.</p><p> KIP ( Kampung Improvement Program ) has been highly evaluated by successful results to improve kampung environment and to activate inhabitants. On the other hand, public housing does not necessarily obtain the effective success. It is the end of 1980s that new strategy called Rusun Project had started. 14 Rusuns were constructed in Surabaya until 2017. Rusun Dupak and Rusun Sombo designed by ITS Group headed by J. Silas are the very unique examples which maximize the common space.</p><p> The major points this paper clarifies are as follows. Our field studies clarify profiles of inhabitants, many of which still belong to low income group. Space division and addition of dwelling units are classified into several patterns.</p><p> O : Original dwelling unit without any addition ( Prototype A ). Households who use a part of dwelling unit. The interesting facts is that 14% of households live in the part of dwelling unit ( ≒9 m2 ), although the area of dwelling unit is limited to 3m×6m=18 m2. A : 15.1% of households use dwelling unit without any addition. Dwelling units are divided into two, ruang tamu ( living ) and kamar tidur ( bed room ). All the households except O and A, that is, 75.6% of households, add spaces to dwelling unit. There is household O and O+, A and A+ who add rooms in veranda or mezzanine ( O+ ). B : Households who add dapur (kitchen) to dwelling unit. 66.2% of households has their own dapur. Households tend to have their own dapur. The kitchen space in common space is used in general as storage. C : Households who add kamar mandi ( bathing room ) to dwelling unit 21.0% of households install kamar mandi in dwelling unit. D : Households who add dapur and kamar mandi to dwelling unit. Common space are used variously for cooking, washing etc., judging from the furniture and goods laid out. We find many goods overflowed from dwelling units, for example, bed, study desk, shoe box, cupboard, and bicycle, and so on, because dwelling units are so small. It tends that the goods overflowed are more in the upper floor and in larger floor.</p><p> On the other hand, common space functions well as common living for the communal life in the floor. Shops used to open in common space. This article suggests several points to be considered for the new model of Rusun, for examples, how to overcome the narrowness of the dwelling unit, how to design space formation to accept addition and reform, how to deal with the needs of personalization of kitchen and toilet-bath room, how to design common space and so on.</p>

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