Gill morphology and sodium influx in the rainbow trout (<i>Salmo gairdneri</i>) acclimated to artificial freshwater environments

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Branchial sodium uptake was measured across secondary lamellae (SL) using the isolated‐perfused head preparation. This study was correlated with histological examination.</jats:p><jats:p>Freshwater trout, <jats:italic>Salmo gairdneri</jats:italic>, were exposed to various artificial media: distilled water (DW), fresh water (FW: NaCl < 200 μl/1; Ca<jats:sup>++</jats:sup> = 1.5 mM/1), FW + 5 mM CaCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and FW + 10 mM CaCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. These environments altered the number and forms of “chloride cells” (CC) located in SL and were related to changes in maximal transport rate of Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>. An increase in a specific type of CC (round) was associated with an increase in V<jats:sub>max</jats:sub>, and a decrease in round cells was associated with a decrease in V<jats:sub>max</jats:sub>.</jats:p><jats:p>Relative to FW, exposure to DW increased the density of round cells, FW + 5 mM CaCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> had no effect, and FW + 10 mM CaCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> produced an initial degeneration of CC followed by restoration and increase in protruding round cells.</jats:p><jats:p>We conclude that secondary lamellar chloride cells play an important role in Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> uptake.</jats:p>

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