Hydrometeor mass, number, and space charge distribution in a “Hector” squall line
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- Tsutomu Takahashi
- Core‐Education Center Obirin University Machida, Tokyo Japan
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- Thomas D. Keenan
- Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre Melbourne, Victoria Australia
抄録
<jats:p>Videosonde data from an Australian squall line were combined with a radar echo profile to construct a conceptual model of hydrometeor mass, number, and space charge evolution. Two‐step hydrometeor growth modes were suggested: low‐level, warm rain‐frozen drop and high‐level, graupel‐ice crystals. A riming electrification mechanism successfully explained the charge distribution. A warm rain‐frozen drop process was active in the forward area of the convective region, and frozen drop growth was highly active near the 0°C level. Ice crystals, which electrified frozen drops positively, increased in number as they were lifted. Graupel growth was enhanced, and additional charge separation occurred between ice crystals and graupel in the upper level. Large negative graupel fell at the rear of the convective region, while positive ice crystals and small negative graupel were transported into the anvil. The reason for high lightning frequencies in a squall line over a maritime continent is also discussed.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 109 (D16), D16208-, 2004-08-24
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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キーワード
詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1362544418616438656
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- NII論文ID
- 30013347423
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- ISSN
- 01480227
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- データソース種別
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- Crossref
- CiNii Articles