Line-of-sight measurements of the radiation-enhanced sublimation of graphite

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  • P. Franzen
    University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, Fusion Research Group, 4925 Dufferin Street, North York, Ontario M3H 5T6, Canada
  • J. W. Davis
    University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, Fusion Research Group, 4925 Dufferin Street, North York, Ontario M3H 5T6, Canada
  • A. A. Haasz
    University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, Fusion Research Group, 4925 Dufferin Street, North York, Ontario M3H 5T6, Canada

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<jats:p>The radiation-enhanced sublimation of different types of graphite was measured during H+ or D+ irradiation, by line-of-sight quadrupole mass spectroscopy; the quadrupole mass spectrometer was modified to block the transmission of reflected beam particles. The radiation-enhanced sublimation yield depends on both the type and orientation of the graphite; the highest yields (∼0.2 C/D at 1800 K for 1 keV D+) are associated with the most dense and most ordered graphite (pyrolytic graphite, HPG99). The yield at 400 K temperature is of the order of 10−3 C/D for 1 keV D+, more than one order of magnitude lower than the physical sputtering yield. The measured radiation-enhanced sublimation yields are in good agreement with model calculations.</jats:p>

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