Structures and Magnetic Properties of Grain-Oriented 3.2% Silicon—Iron

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  • M. F. Littmann
    Research and Technology, Armco Steel Corporation, Middletown, Ohio

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<jats:p>After almost 30 years of use, grain-oriented silicon—iron remains the most important soft ferromagnetic material where high permeability and low core loss are required.</jats:p> <jats:p>In this paper we show how grain structures which the metallurgist has learned to produce affect permeability at H=10 Oe and core loss at B=15 kG. Deviations from the ideal (110) [001] and (100) [001] are compared. The effect of thickness for both textures is shown over a range of about 1 to 25 mil. Ascertainment of the true effect depends on maintaining other factors constant, such as degree of texture and grain size. The effect of grain size on core loss of Epstein test specimens is shown over a wide range from 0.03- to 20-mm diameter for a relatively constant degree of texture and chemical purity. For very small grain sizes, small grain diameter is detrimental to core loss but the effect is reversed for large grains near 10 mm diameter.</jats:p> <jats:p>Attainment of superior magnetic properties depends on combination of a high degree of crystal texture together with a grain diameter of about 1 mm. This appears to be the case for both cube-on-edge and cubic textures.</jats:p>

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