Functional Differentiation of Bundle Sheath and Mesophyll Maize Chloroplasts Determined by Comparative Proteomics

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  • Wojciech Majeran
    Department of Plant Biology  Cornell University  Ithaca  New York 14853
  • Yang Cai
    Department of Plant Biology  Cornell University  Ithaca  New York 14853
  • Qi Sun
    Computational Biology Service Unit  Cornell Theory Center  Cornell University  Ithaca  New York 14853
  • Klaas J. van Wijk
    Department of Plant Biology  Cornell University  Ithaca  New York 14853

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Chloroplasts of maize (Zea mays) leaves differentiate into specific bundle sheath (BS) and mesophyll (M) types to accommodate C4 photosynthesis. Consequences for other plastid functions are not well understood but are addressed here through a quantitative comparative proteome analysis of purified M and BS chloroplast stroma. Three independent techniques were used, including cleavable stable isotope coded affinity tags. Enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis, nitrogen import, and tetrapyrrole and isoprenoid biosynthesis are preferentially located in the M chloroplasts. By contrast, enzymes involved in starch synthesis and sulfur import preferentially accumulate in BS chloroplasts. The different soluble antioxidative systems, in particular peroxiredoxins, accumulate at higher levels in M chloroplasts. We also observed differential accumulation of proteins involved in expression of plastid-encoded proteins (e.g., EF-Tu, EF-G, and mRNA binding proteins) and thylakoid formation (VIPP1), whereas others were equally distributed. Enzymes related to the C4 shuttle, the carboxylation and regeneration phase of the Calvin cycle, and several regulators (e.g., CP12) distributed as expected. However, enzymes involved in triose phosphate reduction and triose phosphate isomerase are primarily located in the M chloroplasts, indicating that the M-localized triose phosphate shuttle should be viewed as part of the BS-localized Calvin cycle, rather than a parallel pathway.</jats:p>

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  • The Plant Cell

    The Plant Cell 17 (11), 3111-3140, 2005-10-21

    Oxford University Press (OUP)

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