Effects of NO<sub>x</sub> on liquid phase oxidation and inhibition at elevated temperatures

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Nitrogen oxides (NO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> =NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> +NO) play a role in degradation of lubricating oils in internal combustion engines. Interactions of NO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> with fuel derived species have been shown to lead to varnish and deposit formation. Mechanisms of interactions of NO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> with additive and base oil components have not, however, been investigated in detail. The present work describes investigations of the effects of NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> on oxidation processes and the fate of NO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> in a model lubricant system. NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> acts as a free radical initiator which accelerates the initial rate of uninhibited hydrocarbon oxidation and increases the rate of antioxidant consumption in inhibited systems. NO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> consumption increases after the end of the inhibition period. In addition, NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and NO react with oxidation intermediates or products in a complex series of reactions which can include direct reaction with antioxidants, formation of nitro‐oxidation products, conversion of NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> to NO and regeneration of NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> from NO. The significance of results obtained in this study with respect to mechanisms of oil degradation is discussed.</jats:p>

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