The grasping behaviour, locomotion and substrate use of the tree shrews <i>Tupaia minor</i> and <i>T. tana</i> (Mammalia, Scandentia)

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The grasping behaviour, locomotion and substrate use of the tree shrews <jats:italic>Tupaia minor</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. tana</jats:italic> were investigated in the Department of Zoological Research at the National Zoological Park in Washington, DC. Seven arboreal <jats:italic>T. minor</jats:italic> and five terrestrial <jats:italic>T. tana</jats:italic> were observed and videotaped for 10‐min focal animal samples totalling 77 h of observation. Locomotion and substrate use were scored and images of grasping behaviour were captured from videotapes. <jats:italic>Tupaia minor</jats:italic> individuals were videotaped crossing dowels and the number of dowel crossings that included grasps were scored. In 84% of dowel crossings, <jats:italic>T. minor</jats:italic> individuals used either their hallux or their pollex to grasp the dowels. <jats:italic>Tupaia minor</jats:italic> was also more active, moved more quickly, was more arboreal, rooted less, reversed its feet more, flexed its forelimbs more and was more semi‐plantigrade than <jats:italic>T. tana</jats:italic>. It is proposed that arboreal tupaiids, such as <jats:italic>Ptilocercus lowii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. minor</jats:italic>, may represent better models for early primates than didelphid marsupials because they are capable of grasping and are more closely related to primates.</jats:p>

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