Biological characterization and oncogene expression in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines

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Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>To establish well‐characterized cellular reagents for the study of colon carcinoma, we have examined 19 human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with regard to morphology, ultra‐structure, expression of tumor‐associated antigens, proliferative capacity <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>, anchorage‐independent growth, oncogene expression, tumorigenicity and malignant potential. Cell lines examined were cultured under identical conditions, and <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> analyses were performed in parallel on replicate cultures. Three classes of colorectal cell lines were defined according to their tumorigenicity in <jats:italic>nude</jats:italic> mice. Class‐I lines formed rapidly progressing tumors in nearly all mice at an inoculum of 10<jats:sup>6</jats:sup> cells. Cell lines belonging to class‐2 were less tumorigenic, producing tumors later and at a slower growth rate. Class‐3 lines were non‐tumorigenic under all experimental conditions tested. By Northern analysis, the oncogenes c‐<jats:italic>myc</jats:italic>, H‐<jats:italic>ras</jats:italic>, K‐<jats:italic>ras</jats:italic>, N‐<jats:italic>ras</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>myb</jats:italic>, fos and p53 were expressed in nearly all cell lines examined. In contrast, transcripts for <jats:italic>abl</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>src</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ros</jats:italic> were not detected. The best <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> predictor of tumorigenicity was colony formation in soft agar. There was no detectable correlation between tumorigenicity and metastatic potential, doubling time <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>, production of tumor‐associated markers, xenograft histology or expression of specific oncogenes.</jats:p>

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