Sodium and Potassium in Red Blood Cells of Premature Infants during the First Few Days: Risk of Hyperkalaemia

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<jats:p><jats:bold>ABSTRACT. </jats:bold> Erythrocyte sodium and potassium were studied in 64 newborn infants including 21 very low birthweight infants (birthweight < 1500 g) during the first three days after birth. Erythrocyte sodium showed a positive correlation with gestational age (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=0.63, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.01) and birthweight (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=0.66, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.01). Erythrocyte potassium was negatively correlated with birthweight (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic>= ‐0.33, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.05). The Na/K ratio in red blood cells showed a positive correlation with gestational age (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=0.60, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.01) and birthweight (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=0.65, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.01). In VLBW infants plasma potassium rose significantly (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.01) from 0–6 h to 12–30 h and decreased from 12–30 h to 30–60 h (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.05). Erythrocyte potassium decreased slightly from 0–6 h to 12–30 h, but not significantly. A new finding that “more immature infants have higher potassium and lower sodium concentration in RBC” may suggest a potential risk of hyperkalaemia in tiny infants.</jats:p>

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