Pathological changes in ultrastructure: false plasmolysis

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<jats:p> Shrinkage of plant protoplasts in hypotonic solutions or even in distilled water has been long known as an erratic response to injury. Although the mechanism for it is not known, this phenomenon, termed "induced", "stimulative", or "false" plasmolysis, has been considered to be comparable to spore formation in algae and fungi or to vacuolar contraction in protozoa. Studies of the mechanism of false plasmolysis have been precluded by the inability to induce the phenomenon consistently in large numbers of cells. Victorin treatment of root cap cells from Victoria-blight susceptible oats was found to result consistently in false plasmolysis. Ultrastructure studies of such cells showed that synthesis of new membranes was not involved in victorin-induced false plasmolysis. Discontinuities in the plasmalemma and tonoplast rule out active movement of water as a causative factor for protoplast shrinkage. The mechanism responsible for false plasmolysis appears to be an increased permeability of membranes to water, followed by disruption of the vacuole and a reduction of plasmalemma area by a process similar to pinocytosis. </jats:p>

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