Human selective brain cooling and its application to medicine and sports.

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  • ヒトの選択的脳冷却機構とその医学・スポーツ領野への応用
  • ヒト ノ センタクテキ ノウ レイキャク キコウ ト ソノ イガク スポーツ リョウヤ エ ノ オウヨウ

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Abstract

A vascular mechanism with which the brain is selectively cooled during hyperthermia is a well-accepted fact in animals. This selective brain cooling (SBC) can also occur in hyperthermic humans despite the fact that humans have no carotid rete, a vascular structure that facilitates counter-current heat exchange and that is located at the base of the skull in some mammals. In humans, an increase in emissary and angular-ocular venous flows contributes to SBC, whose efficiency is increased by evaporation of sweat on the head and by increased ventilation through the nose. Good knowledge of human SBC, facilitating heat loss from the head, avoiding headgear, increasing ventilation by dilating the athlete’s nostrils etc., is likely to improve the health and comfort of subjects to extreme hot environments for their work, sport events, or for therapeutic reasons. The validity of using tympanic temperature as an index of brain temperature is also postulated.

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