二次的につくられたヒッタイト語中・受動態動詞

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Some Secondary Formed Mediopassives in Hittite
  • 2ジテキ ニ ツクラレタ ヒッタイトゴ チュウ ジュドウタイ ドウシ

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抄録

Although the formation of mediopassive verbs in Hittite is mostly regular, some 3 sg. mediopassives display idiosyncratic features which are hard to understand from either synchronical or historical point of view.<br> Synchronically irregular mediopassives such as lagāittari ‘lies, is laid (low)’, išḫuṷaittat ‘scattered’, sii̯ēttari ‘is pressed’ and laḫuttari ‘is poured’ should be regarded as medialized forms constructed with the productive mediopassive 3 sg. ending -ttanri (present) or -ttat (preterite) added to the corresponding active 3 sg. *lākai (← lāki), išḫuṷai, ši̯iē[t] and *lāḫui, respectively.<br> On the other hand, parḫattari ‘chases, pursues’, duu̯arnattari ‘breaks’ and zinnattari ‘is finished’ seem to be historically irregular. Parḫattari is a secondary replacement for the phonologically expected **parrattari (< *bhérh2o(-tori)) due to the morphological influence from the corresponding active stem par(a)ḫ-. Duu̯arnattari is originally a denominative (< *dhu̯erné-i̯o-r), with an unaccented suffix influenced by causatives in *-ei̯e/o-, while zinnattari goes back to a nasal-infix present *si-n-h1-ór, which is later replaced by *si-n-h1-ṓr with the vowel length copied from the correponding active *sinǣ́ti (< *si-né-h1-ti). Both and dhu̯erné-i̯o-r and *si-n-h1-ṓr underwent the loss of final -r and later came to take the innovative ending -ttari; hence the actually attested duu̯arnattari and zinnattari.<br> As a result of philological and linguistic analysis of the relevant forms, it has become clear that the irregularities found in these mediopassives are not archaic, but have been secondarily created relatively late during the period between Proto-Anatolian and Neo-Hittite.

収録刊行物

  • オリエント

    オリエント 51 (1), 46-68, 2008

    一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

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