Asymmetry of Interhemispheric Inhibition from Active to Resting Primary Motor Cortex Induced by a Fine-motor Manipulation Task of Either Dominant or Non-dominant Hand

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We examined the interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) induced from the active primary motor cortex (M1) to the resting M1 in 11 right-handed subjects during their performance of a sensorimotor task with their dominant right (Rt)- hand or their non-dominant left (Lt)- hand. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was performed to produce motor evoked potentials (MEP) in the resting first dorsal interosseous (FDI). For the paired-TMS paradigm, when the tasks were performed with the dominant Rt-hand, the test stimulus (TS) was delivered to the ipsilateral Rt-M1 and the conditioning stimulus (CS) was delivered to the contralateral Lt-M1, and the opposite was true when they were performed with the non-dominant Lt-hand. The interstimulus interval was fixed at 10 ms. As a sensorimotor task, a fine-motor manipulation (FM) task (using chopsticks to pick up, transport, and release glass balls) was adopted. In addition, an isometric abduction (LA) task was also performed as a control task. These tasks were carried out separately with each hand. In the non-dominant Lt-hand conditions, the FM task induced markedly stronger IHI from the active to the resting M1 than was observed at rest and during the IA task. In contrast, there were no differences in IHI among the tasks in the dominant Rt-hand conditions. The present findings suggest that the increased IHI from the active to the resting M1 observed during the FM task in the non-dominant Lt-hand conditions was related to reductions in the activity of the ipsilateral intracortical inhibitory circuit, as was found in our previous study.

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