Asterosaponins from the Starfish Astropecten monacanthus Suppress Growth and Induce Apoptosis in HL-60, PC-3, and SNU-C5 Human Cancer Cell Lines

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  • Thao Nguyen Phuong
    College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Luyen Bui Thi Thuy
    College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Kim Eun-Ji
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Jeju National University
  • Kang Hee-Kyoung
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Jeju National University
  • Kim Sohyun
    School of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Program, and Institute of Medical Science, Jeju National University
  • Cuong Nguyen Xuan
    Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Nam Nguyen Hoai
    Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Kiem Phan Van
    Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Minh Chau Van
    Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Kim Young Ho
    College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University

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  • Asterosaponins from the Starfish <i>Astropecten monacanthus</i> Suppress Growth and Induce Apoptosis in HL-60, PC-3, and SNU-C5 Human Cancer Cell Lines

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Using various chromatographic experiments, six asterosaponins (1−6) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the Vietnamese starfish Astropecten monacanthus. The cytotoxic activities of the MeOH extract and six asterosaponins were evaluated on three human cancer cell lines, HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia), PC-3 (prostate cancer), and SNU-C5 (colorectal cancer). Relative to the effects of the postitive control mitoxantrone, the MeOH extract (with IC50 values ranging from 0.84±0.03 to 3.96±0.14 µg/mL) and astrosterioside D (5) (with IC50 values ranging from 4.31±0.07 to 5.21±0.15 µM) exhibited potent cytotoxic effects against all three tested human cancer cell lines. In addition, the MeOH extract and astrosterioside D (5) have an effect on leading to apoptosis. Interestingly, the apoptosis of induction was accompanied by down-regulation of phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and decrease of c-myc expression. Further studies are required to establish use of the asterosaponins from A. monacanthus as remedial and/or nutraceutical purposes.

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