Effects of Sugars and Salt on the Production of Glycosphingolipids in Mariannaea Elegans

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  • Tani Yasushi
    Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University
  • Yamashita Yasunori
    Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
  • Saito Shigeki
    Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University
  • Mihara Hisaaki
    Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University

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  • Effects of Sugars and Salt on the Production of Glycosphingolipids in <i>Mariannaea Elegans</i>

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<p>Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are complex macromolecules in cell membranes that play important roles in various biological processes. Fungi contain several types of GSLs that are distinct from those of mammals, but little is known about their physiological functions, metabolic regulation, or biosynthetic pathways. Most fungal species that possess fungal neogala-series GSLs (FNG-GSLs) are resistant to aureobasidin A (AbA), an antifungal agent that inhibits glycosylinositolphosphoceramide (GIPC) synthesis. We have previously reported that Mariannaea elegans has FNG-GSLs in its cell membrane, despite the fact that it is sensitive to AbA. In this study, we demonstrated that M. elegans contains GIPCs, which explains its sensitivity to AbA. We also found that both cell growth and GSL composition of M. elegans were affected by the presence or absence of different sugars in the culture medium. In contrast, sugars had no effect on the phenotypes and GSLs of AbA-resistant Rhizopus sp. lacking GIPCs. Further analysis revealed that FNG-GSL production can be modulated by the addition of 600 mM NaCl in a glucose-containing medium. Finally, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of Golgi proteins from M. elegans showed that at least nine proteins were present exclusively in cells producing FNG-GSL, suggesting that those proteins are potential candidates for FNG-GSL synthesis.</p> <p>Abbreviations: AbA, aureobasidin A; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FNG-GSLs, fungal neogala-series GSLs; Gal-Cer, β-galactosylceramide; Glc-Cer, β-glucosylceramide; GSLs, glycosphingolipids; GIPCs, glycosylinositolphosphoceramides; IPC, inositolphosphoceramide; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; TLC, thin-layer chromatography</p>

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