Antimelanogenic Effects of Picrionoside A Isolated from the Leaves of Korean Ginseng

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  • Lee Dae-Young
    Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA
  • Jeong Sang Chul
    HK BIO, Business Incubator, Daegu Haany University
  • Jeong Yong Tae
    HK BIO, Business Incubator, Daegu Haany University
  • Lee Mi-Kyoung
    Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University
  • Seo Kyeong-Hwa
    Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung Hee University
  • Lee Jae-Won
    Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA
  • Kim Geum-Soog
    Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA
  • Lee Seung-Eun
    Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA
  • Baek Nam-In
    Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung Hee University
  • Kim Jin Hee
    College of Herbal Bio-industry, Daegu Haany University

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This study was initiated to isolate active metabolites from the leaves of Panax ginseng. Among them, picrionoside A, a megastigmane glucoside, was isolated from the leaves of P. ginseng C. A. MAYER and its chemical structure was determined based on spectroscopic methods, including FAB-MS, one-dimensional (1D)-NMR, 2D-NMR, and IR spectroscopy. Picrionoside A from P. ginseng has not been investigated previously, and its biological or pharmaceutical activities have not been reported elsewhere. The IC50 value of mushroom tyrosinase-inhibitory activity of picrionoside A was 9.8 µM, and the rate of inhibition of synthesized melanin content in melan-a cells was 17.1% at a concentration of 80 µM without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, picrionoside A dramatically reduced body pigmentation in the zebrafish model. Taken together, the results suggest that picrionoside A isolated from the leaves of P. ginseng may be an effective skin-whitening agent that could be a potent candidate material in the cosmetic industry.

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